MIYAMOTO Akio Professor

My DreamDevelopment of new technology for frozen semen and producing embryos to improve fertility in cattle

Theme"A reoadmap to the pregnancy in the first 7 days post-insemination in the cow: Immune cross-talk of sperm and early embryo in the oviduct and uterus"

Field

Animal Reproduction, Reproductive Immunology, Endocrinology, Reproductive Pathophysiology, Sperm/Embryo

Keyword

cattle, immune system, uterus, oviduct, sperm, embryo, immune cell, maternal recognition of pregnancy, attack, tolerance

Message

現代では、先進国でのウシの繁殖は凍結精液を子宮内に投与する人工授精によって成り立っています。その受胎率は50%を下回ってきており、特に乳牛では低い受胎率になっています。牛乳の生産は、母ウシが出産して始まります。ですから、受胎率の低下は酪農家にとって深刻な経済ロスです。現在の受胎率を55%〜65%程度に向上させることができれば、その経済効果は国内外でとても大きなものとなります。

私たちは、ウシの母体が精子や受精卵を攻撃せずに受け入れてゆく免疫システムに切り込み、多くの新しい発見をしてきています。基本的に、精子は母ウシには異物であり、攻撃されますが、受精の場にたどり着いた数少ない精子たちは、今度は免疫システムに守られることを示しました。さらに受精卵も、母ウシの免疫システムに認知され、子宮に降りて着床し、妊娠します。しかし、様々なリスクが、この免疫システムのバランスを崩してしまって、受胎がうまく進まないことがわかってきています。こういった免疫システムをうまく利用することで、受胎率を向上させることができそうです。免疫はあまりに複雑で、臨機応変に変化するので、とても難しい研究ですが、日夜、7−8カ国から博士号取得のために多くの留学生たちを中心に、研究が進んでいます。英語での会話が原則です。日本人学生も、もちろん英語です。最初は喋れなくても、3ヶ月すると誰もが英語(カタコト英語でも)で喋っています。科学では英語が共通のツールなので、誰にとってもとても効果的な体験になっています。

Academic degree D.Agr.
Room addressGeneral Research Building 1
Room numberE2202-4
Mail address akiomiya atmark obihiro.ac.jp

Belongs

Research Center for Global Agromedicine/Director GeneralResearch Department/Department of Life and Food Sciences/Division of Animal Production/Section of Life Science
Fig. 1: Cryopreserved bull sperm are released in the cow uterus, but most of sperm receive attack of immune cells or are excluded to vigina by backflow (Mol Reprod Dev 85; 2018, Cover page).
Fig. 2: A schematic representation of impact of bovine oviduct epithelial cell (BOEC)-sperm-polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) interaction for physiological changes in local immunity in the bovine oviduct during the period between estrus and ovulation. The LH-surge and sperm-BOEC binding stimulate epithelial cells to secrete high levels of PGE2 that strongly suppresses the PMN phagocytic behavior to sperm (Dom Anim Endocrinol 56, 2016).
Fig. 3: Our proposed model of the communication of the developing embryo with epithelium and immune cells in the cow oviduct. First, an immunological crosstalk exists between the embryo and oviduct epithelium; where the embryo generates an anti-inflammatory response in oviduct epithelium, and the oviduct epithelium helps the embryo to secrete IFNT by either physical contact and/or via releasing some factors. The embryoderived IFNT then regulates gene expression of immune cells towards an anti-inflammatory response (Scientific Reports 8: 7050, 2018).
Affiliated academic society Society for the Study of Reproduction (SSR), Society for Reproduction and Development (SRD), Japanese Society of Animal Science (JSAS)
Editor Domestic Animal Endocrinology
Editorial Board
  • Journal of Reproduction and Development (JRD)
Academic background 1982 Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Animal Science
1987 Tohoku University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Division of Animal Science (Ph.D.)
1987-1988 A post doctoral fellow of JSPS (Tohoku University)
1988-1990 A post doctoral fellow of DAAD (Technical Univ. Munich, Institute of Physiology)
1990-1992 JSPS post doctoral fellow in foreign countries (Technical Univ. Munich, Institute of Physiology)
1992-1993 Obihiro University of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine,
Research Assistant
1993-1996 Obihiro University of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, Assistant Professor
1996-2003 Obihiro University of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, Associate Professor
1997-1999 A post doctoral fellow of Humboldt Foundation (Technical Univ. Munich, Institute of Physiology)
2003- Obihiro University of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine,
Professor